Loss of belonging to reasons classified as dismissal added a total of 249,813 in the first quarter of the year, which is 3.65% less than a year ago, in what is the first failure of the approval of labor reform After the threshold of millions of terminations in 2024. But this positive symbol of appearance doubts, since it counteracts another clearly alarming: unreliability again conquers the earth. The extinction at the end of temporary contracts increases again, by 5.5% and reaches 2.2 million, and then more than 900,000 victims of inactive intermittent fixed fixation, which grow by 7.7%.
The data correspond to the first quarter, not too positive from the point of view of creating employment, according to the review of the active population (EPA), although hiring. What implies that seasonal factors, such as a delay in a passionate week, in the department of volatility of work remain the engine of the Spanish labor market, Although the new legislation intended to cool it.
The dismissal fell strongly in January and February (6% and 9% of the year -on -ar) to bounce by 5% in March. It leaves a unpublished quarterly negative balance, What contrasts with the fact that extinction at the end of a temporary contract is transporting four consecutive years -on medical growth.
How to interpret these trends? Does this mean that the labor market has absorbed the consequences of new legislation, three years later? Is this a loss of dynamism of the labor market that translates this temporary weight? Summing up: Did you definitely affect the dismissal three years after legal changes?
The growth of dismissal is one of the most amazing phenomena after labor reform, especially taking into account the fact that it was due to uncertain contracts, which are considered much more complex and expensive to extinguish the storms. Although this vision corresponds to the time at which Only 1 out of 10 of those signedField
With reform, they increased to 4 out of 10 and fixed wages They crossed from 62.8% to 78.9% of branches to total regime. The greatest stability of employment is one of the key factors that will settle the rebound of belonging, which records records of more than 21.5 million. But this improvement was not enough to accelerate unemployment failure (eSPAña is the only European country with a two -digit rate) or high rotation of jobs that exceed countries with a temporary level of employment than ours.
Demonstration abuse and testing?
This received views on the dismissal of recently hired indefinite and abuse of the test period. The fact is that even the government itself considers dismissal They are considered a natural consequence of the largest number of fixed contractsThe field is that the majority, 54%of those who record social security, are individual disciplinary.
This is a modality that does not entail compensation, although in practice it will agree, and in the end, compensation, close to unjust dismissal of 33 days a year, ended, before 20 days of objective dismissal with an acquitted house. Although dismissal is more expensive ,, This cost is acceptable for contracts that were in the company for a short time.
This formula is not new. This is a common practice since the previous reform, which in 2012 eliminated the obvious dismissal, which allowed to recognize the inadmissibility at the same time termination (then pay 45 days for many years). But this is confirmed as the first reason for the dismissal at the present time, This is a sign that many companies They use this formula to overcome restrictions on temporary contracts.
These signs justify interest in trade unions and the Minister of Labor, Ilanda Diaz, to introduce a “restraining” compensation, which exceeds the current legal limit in 33 days for unjustified dismissal, depending on the damage caused to the employee. But it is not predictable that this melon will open in this legislative body, despite the resolutions of the European Committee on Social Laws which caused not a few friction between PSOE and addition.
In this script, the loss of breakthrough does not exceed the trial period. They do not quit, does not entail compensation or require just excuses. Its duration (six months of maximum for these technical specialists, that is, more qualified specialists, but 2 months for the rest) makes it optimal for short -term work. And he registered much more intense growth than dismissal among uncertain ones. But this evolution too He stopped last year among the uncertain and falling 1.7%, up to 155,000Field
American employment?
One of the explanations of the brake of loss of termination is the stability of an indefinite and temporary signed contract number. They were almost in Punto Dead for two and a half years, which corresponds to the labor market in which fixed employment gained weight. Although the conversation about “stability” with almost 400,000 terminations for uncertainty to the quarter, discussion.
According to some analysts, this is not necessary if we understand this from the point of view of the dynamism of employment, in accordance with economies such as American, with much less “rigidity” of hiring, and this is almost three times less unemployed than Spain. This “Americanization” of the Spanish labor market was at the basis of protecting a cheaper dismissal achieved with the norm, which did not join this problem. But this diagnosis does not take into account the weight of contracts of a certain duration, Unimaginable in the United States.
Each month, 29% more temporary contracts are signed than uncertain, but loss of reduction of the first multiplication 9.3 times before the dismissal of the latter and 5.6 to the general unlimited cessationField
The descent of the possible Pivotó about the disappearance of the modality of work and maintenance. Now there are only temporary contracts of a certain duration from the signature (with the exception of cases of replacement or contracts for help). But this led to the fact that although fewer contracts were signed, they are shorter, which leads to the volatility of temporary affiliation This was not reduced as the weight of employees with such workers.
Moreover, after two years it was interrupted (from 2002 to 2023), Losses will be bounced againThe field, although the seasonal volatility of these data helps to hide this trend, we are already accumulating five interward reputation quarters and remain at our own levels of 2013.
The improvement remains noteworthy if we refer to the years directly to the pandemic, especially 2018 and 2019, but to compare You must take into account intermittent fixedWe are talking about indefinite contracts, but are related to seasonal activities, and although their weight is small (they barely reach 6% of employees), their transition to inaction in The second reason for a decrease in belongingmuch higher than dismissal.
In the first quarter of 2025, they added 909 192, 7.7% more than a year earlier and did not stop growing since the approval of labor reform. Its advantage in relation to storms is that the company can repay only the dismissal contract, with conventional compensation aged 20 to 33 days, while storms (although they can be dismissed) loses its work because the contract performs its duration, and in this case they receive only 12 days for many years.
But when the fixed submission is inaction until a new challenge receives any compensation for the elimination of the holidays and a little more), because a technically the contract remains valid. This makes them actual temporary and the problem for the government, who has approved control over this figureField
And although the executive director defends that the reform did not change the nature of these contracts, which have been for decadesThe fact is that he introduced noticeable changes to make his use more flexibleThe field is the most important that ETTS can make them to provide their services. The results are visible: the victims caused by inaction produced 591% compared to the levels to the pandemic.
This impressive rebound supports the victims associated with possible actions, that is, empirical temporality, On levels much closer to levels before the reform From what the government that has just convened an expert committee has just been evaluated to evaluate the consequences of the norm for three years.
