In Baku, negotiators now face a mountain. On Wednesday, November 13, the Egyptian and Australian co-facilitators proposed two still very long versions of the main text of this 29my Climate Conference of the Parties (COP29), the New Collective Quantified Gal (NCQG, “new quantified collective goal”). In the second, which will serve as the basis for negotiations, 90 options and sub-options remain to be decided. An infinitely complex diplomatic equation on a crucial issue: the aid that will be provided to developing countries to finance their climate transition.
“We are very concerned because there was more than a year of preparation for this text and all of this was rejected as a basis for negotiations.Jacob Werksman, chief negotiator of the European Union, commented on Thursday, referring to the first draft (draft) swept away by developing countries on Tuesday. [Le texte] It’s still over thirty pages long. We’re far from a landing field. »
Suffice it to say that the next few days promise to be dangerous for the negotiators of the 197 countries meeting in Azerbaijan. Following the departure of world leaders who spoke on Tuesday and Wednesday, they must now clear the field of alternatives before the arrival of ministers in the middle of the week of November 18. The latter will try to conclude the negotiations. “We will try to leave them as little as possible to doMr. Werksman was waiting. We remain optimistic. We can accomplish this task in time. »
“A kind of choreography”
Regarding the heart of the document, that is, the total amount of financing and the sources of financing in the next ten years, the text puts three main options on the table. Options that reflect the ambitions of the main areas of the world. The first responds mainly to the expectations expressed by developing countries: an amount of between 1,100 and 2,000 million dollars annually between 2029 and 2035.
In the multitude of sub-options, it is proposed to direct funding towards certain categories of countries ($220 billion for least developed countries and $39 billion for small island developing States). These proposals seem difficult for certain rich countries to accept, especially when it is mentioned “Burden sharing among developed countries based on historical emissions and gross domestic product per capita”. A hypothesis that would force the United States and the European Union (EU), responsible for the vast majority of greenhouse gas emissions since 1850, to pay enormously.
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