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According to the respondents in the Inscop survey, the majority of the Romanians believe that during the so -called “Golden Age” in Siauses, the country took better care of its citizens and had more cooperation between the Romanians.
Of the respondents, 66.2% believe that CEAUSESCU was a good leader, while 24.1% express a negative point of view.
Even the communist regime seems to succeed in the survey: 55.8% of respondents were probably good for Romania, while 34.5% disagree.
The vast majority of respondents were fully aware of the lack of freedom in the communist era: 80% said that there was no one, while 9% believed that there were more.
The data were collected by telephone interviews in a sample of 1505 people aged 18 years and older.
In terms of CEAUSESCU, the repressive communism was the only regime in Central Europe, which ended up in bloodshed in the late 1980s.
The result seems shocking for the country, which is a member of both the EU and NATO. Many in Romania believe that selective memory and nostalgia in simpler times, recently incurring Russian propaganda, are responsible for this.
Fall and fall
Nikolai Cheusesu was responsible for communist Romania from 1965 to December 1989, when his regime was overthrown by a ten -day revolution, just a month after the fall of the Berlin wall.
These were the last months of the Cold War. The communist regimes of Central and Eastern Europe were radically changed or peacefully fell one after another, noting the end of Yalta: Hungary, Poland, Eastern Germany.
On December 21, after the days of deadly repressions in the Western city of Timisoar, the dictator was supposed to turn to 100,000 supporters who were demonstrated in the center of Bucharest, but unexpectedly, rumors welcomed in a matter of minutes.
The repressive forces shot against the protesters, and after 24 hours Cheussku and his wife Elena were forced to leave Bucharest.
They flew from Bucharest, Cheeseysh and his wife Elena were arrested, and then executed by the army and the new revolutionary political leadership in Targovit ** about 70 kilometers from the capital on December 25, 1989. Were given by the Council of the National Front of Salvation. It was an extraordinary executive body, the creation of which was declared on December 22, the day after the start of the riots in Bucharest and the escape of Siouuscu from the Palace Square, the current area of the revolution.
The uprising of Timisoara, the spark that lit the flame
On December 16, 1989, the Hungarian minority in the western city of Timisoar held a small protest against the Cheese regime for the repressive measures that he took against the Hungarian Protestant Pastor Lyuscal for criticism of Hungarian television against the communist system.
It was a seed of the uprising. The population of the city participated in a small protest, turning it into a comprehensive anti -communist revolution. The protesters invaded the local headquarters -the apartment of the Communist Party and destroyed the symbols of the worship of the personality of the Suitscu.
The army and the police of bullying were shot against the protesters on December 17, which led to dozens of death, while the whole city rose against the communist regime. On December 20, after 3 days of violent repressions, the army retired, and the city was released from communism.
The echo of uprising Timisoars spread throughout the country and in Bucharest, paving the path to the regime.
The deepest causes of economic turmoil
The reasons that led to the fall of the CEAUSESCU regime were determined by external and internal factors, such as the West of the Cold War and the unbearable burden of communist authoritarianism imposed by the CEAUSESCU family and its circle of power.
In the late 1980s, the Romanian people were exhausted by a decade of economic restrictions and an increase in the oppression of fundamental freedoms by the regime based on the worship of the individual. Propaganda entitled “Carpathian genius” Siausu or fair “conducted”, the leader, the same title used by Jona Antonescu, the head of the Romanian fascist regime during the Second World War
Nicholas Siauzescu took advantage of the destructive earthquake of 1977 to start building a new Romanian, inspired by the authorities of two communist leaders, such as Mao Cedon in China and Kim Ili, from North Korea, grandfather. There was such a systematization.
It was a fairly anti -utopian urban and agricultural planning of infrastructure aimed at a request for the full collectivization of the Romanian society.
The old cities and villages were demolished (the regions of Bucharest, Banata and Transylvania were overthrown), the whole population was forcibly moved to create new agricultural and industrial centers based on production models inspired by China.
The large design of CEAUSESCU was economically unstable for the deprived population (with central European traditions) and for the country burdened with heavy external debts.
Closed: popular dissatisfaction has increased, and the regime of thought about solving the problem by increasing repression in any form of disagreement or simple criticism.
The underground opposition called him the “Danube of thoughts” in order to annoy his irrational political, social and economic policy.
Hard repressions and dystopia
The regime established strict control over the company through the Ministry of State Security (Securate, Stalinist police structure) with a huge and extensive network of informants.
Each message was closed and controlled, and all cars in the country were recorded by security services.
Securtate had complete freedom of torment and destruction of opponents, even abroad.
Artists and intellectuals were systematically persecuted, as well as national minorities.
The regime banned contraception (even condoms) and abortion, and not with religious or moral motives, simply for increasing demography and future labor. Pregnant women were strictly controlled by the authorities.
Dictator
Nevertheless, Nicolae CeaUusecu enjoyed political respect for the international stage until the early 1980s. The West considered it as an autonomous voice (against Moscow) in the Warsaw Treaty. Romania Siausescu was the only country in the socialist military alliance that did not send troops to Czechoslovakia to suppress the Prague Spring.
Since the late 1960s, Romania has developed a foreign policy that was often far from the common lines of the Soviet Union in socialist countries. This allowed Nikolai Siausescu to build political relations with the West and China Mao, a communist country, but contrary to Moscow.
It was the Romanian dictator that contributed to preliminary steps, which led to the great approach between China Mao and Zhi and the USA Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger.
This global policy allowed Romania to receive foreign loans from Western banks to such an extent that this is one of the few socialist countries that became members of the IMF in the early 1970s.
Romania in 1974 was the only socialist country that signed the preferred state of the tariff with the European community, which later became the EU.
The 1972 oil shock gave Romania regarding international markets. The country was actually a small manufacturer of raw oil and had preferred agreements with Iran and Iraq.
The price of oil brought great advantages for the CEAUSESCU policy.
Because in the 1970s, he allowed the regime to pursue an extensive policy with the relative advantages for the population, which first had access in the history of mass consumption and a rather generous state of universal well -being.
Since the beginning of the 1980s, the drop in oil prices and incorrect financial measures have forced the country strict measures of economic economy with ambitions to eliminate its external debt.
The result was a decrease in productivity and mass poverty, but not a framework for cruel political repressions, an explosive mixture that led to the forcibly end of the regime in 1989.