Today, November 21, the State Duma of Russia approved the law on the federal budget for 2025 and the planning period 2026-2027. The document was supported by 335 deputies, one against and 77 abstained.
The key priorities of the federal budget in this three-year period are the fulfillment by the State of all social obligations to citizens, ensuring the security and defense of the country, achieving technological sovereignty and infrastructure development.
The main parameters of the budget were determined on the basis of the GDP forecast for 2025 of 214.575 trillion rubles and inflation no higher than 4.5%. For 2026, GDP is planned at 230.568 trillion rubles, for 2027 – at 248.313 trillion; Furthermore, it is expected that inflation in these two years will not exceed 4%.
Basic parameters
2025:
- revenue – 40,296 billion rubles;
- expenses: 41,469 billion;
- deficit: 0.5% of GDP.
2026:
- income: 41,841 billion;
- expenses: 44,022 billion;
- deficit: 0.9% of GDP.
2027:
- income: 43,154 billion;
- expenses: 45,915 billion;
- deficit: 1.1% of GDP.
The main sources of financing the deficit will be domestic public loans.
Volume of the National Welfare Fund:
- 2025: 11,055 trillion rubles;
- 2026: 12,883 billion;
- 2027: 14,927 billion.
Thus, the volume is expected to increase from 5.2% of GDP to 6%.
National debt:
- 2026 – internal – 29.386 trillion rubles, external – 61.1 billion dollars (or 55.5 billion euros);
- 2027: 34,046 trillion rubles and 59.2 billion dollars (or 53.4 billion euros);
- 2028: 39.005 trillion rubles and 56.5 billion dollars (or 50.9 billion euros).
Expenses for public debt service:
- 2025: 3,182 trillion rubles;
- 2026: 3,475 billion;
- 2027: 3,594 billion.
In the open part, budget expenditures on social policy in 2025-2027 will amount to about 21 trillion rubles, on national defense and security and law enforcement – 14 trillion, and on the national economy – 14 trillion rubles.
The total volume of budget allocations for the fulfillment of public regulatory obligations in 2025 will be 1,634 trillion rubles, in 2026 – 1,478 trillion, in 2027 – 1,537 trillion.
For the implementation of federal target programs in the open part, 207.9 billion rubles are planned in 2025, in 2026 – 78.2 billion, in 2027 – 45 billion; for interbudgetary transfers to regional budgets – 3.44 trillion, 3.53 trillion and 3.59 trillion rubles, respectively.
