Spain returned to the first place in the list of European Union countries, in which more workers work to work with part, from the lack of employment opportunities. They add 1.14 million illegal, 5.2% of the total work. An even more amazing fact, because our country is far from most often employees: they suggest that 13.8% of the total, significantly lower than the average of twenty -seven years. But for four of ten of them, this is not a choice, But the direct path to unreliability.
Data also tells us that Our country stagnant in improving the indicator Which remains far from levels to the financial crisis, despite the intensive creation of employment in recent years. From the 2021 labor reform, the government, according to the visible, gives as an amortized issue of employment quality and now prefers to focus on reducing the maximum legal day from 40 to 37.5 hours a week (although there are doubts. that these are prospects Before a clear refusal of junts)Field
It is true that an increase in employment, which approaches a barrier of 22 million, has increased in private time, which at the end of last year for the first time exceeded three million. However, its weight for general employment is 13.8% It is lower than registered before the pandemic and during the financial crisis.
In addition, it is much lower than the average in European, which reaches 18.7% and eurozone, where it reaches 21.4%. Although the economy as the Netherlands reaches 42.7%, and in Germany – 30.8%. Thus, our country is in thirteenth place between 27 to the mass of part of employment.
What is not suitable is that in our country a higher level of employment than any of our neighbors. Eurostat defines this variable as chart workers who want to work for more hours and are available for this. This percentage is calculated for general employmentNot only for those who work partially.
The data at the end of 2024 show that Spain exceeds the Netherlands, which are recorded by 5.1%, not busy, despite four of ten employees They are partiallyField
Minijobs and fp dual
The most direct explanation is that in Spain the units are not a favorable alternative to many employees. While in other countries it is used not only for reconciliation, but also for young people who are compatible with research and employment, which explains the high volumes achieved in the Netherlands or GermanySavings with a high weight of the so -called double education.
These countries also stimulated units to work, some with such conflicting models as “mini -yuns”, established since 2003 in Germany: temporary workplaces of short duration, already partially and initially intended for employees before retirement. But this formula, according to the visible, does not cause the problem of incomplete employment, similar to the problem of Spain.
In Spain, the problem is the lack of opportunities. Something logical in the country with the largest number of unemployed in the European Union, but this is not limited only by the difficulty of finding full work. There are also no resources to take care of children and dependents. Women are most affected by family duties and accept the victim to reduce their day, but the loss of wages also reduces the economy of households. Something, which clarifies the numbers of incomplete employment: They affect 8.1% of workers, almost two points more than in the NetherlandsWhile among men it falls up to 2.7%, The percentage point is less than among the DutchField
An analysis of the historical series, which dates from 2008, shows that Spain has always had a problem with labor -intensive employment, but less than such economies as Dutch, German, French or Swedish, and even began with the average value of the Eurozone. After almost two decades, none of these economies, except for Spain, have been on the positions of the head and was replaced by the Netherlands, Finland or Denmark, Although all of them retain the weight of partial employment surpassing ours.
As can be seen on the schedule, this is not the first time Spain is crowned as a job champion. He has already done this during the financial crisis and in the first moments of recovery. In 2014, the rate reached 9.5%. This implies that many employees fell into low quality work from the absence of opportunities. And they did not return to the previous situation.
The most unreliable partial employment
This trend was adjusted slowly, and this speed was reduced to 4.9% at the end of 2023. But last year, the improvement stopped, which returned us to the first position in the EU, Experiencing Holland in the tenth. But this should not lead us to a mistake to think that our situation is comparable. The Netherlands have one of the lowest levels of unemployment in the EU, 3.9%, while Spain still records 10.9%. And, as we saw, his percentage of incomplete employment even decreases for its greater volume of classes.
Thus, the listed figures suggest that 37.9% of Spanish workers partially work for more hours and are available. This is the highest percentage in the EU. But in the Netherlands, he barely reaches 11.9%. The only countries that exceed 30%are Greece, Romania and Portugal. Which reflects relations with partial employment away from the Great European Economy.
In this scenario, will there be a reduction in the day, contributing to the correction of things? It is still unknown whether the text affects these percentages, although the expectation to find out the final text, if it exceeds the complex parliamentary process, it will have a positive impact on the wages of employees partially, since the company will not be able to reduce the clock in order to adjust them to the new legal margin. Thus, in fact, they will win more.
But it seems like a scarce improvement, both for reducing incomplete employment, and equalizing Spain with the main economy of the EU, both partially, the time. With a two -digit level of unemployment and without a shock plan in order to stimulate complete hiring, nothing has changed, no matter what happens, no matter what happens With whom the Executive Director is now considering his “star measure” in labor matters.
